Material forming apparatus



A ril 16, 1946.

J. 'r. MULLER MATERIAL FORMING APPARATUS Filed May 11, 1944 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR J. 7.' MULLER ATTORNEY April 16, 1946;

J. T. MULLER 2,398,387

MATERIAL FORMING APPARATUS 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Fild May 11, 1944 i Q IIQJEIV TOR J.7f MULLER A T Tom/Er April 16, 1946. v J. T. MULLER 2,398,387

MATERIAL FORMING APPARATUS Fil d May 11, 1944 4 Sheets-Sheet 5 a lNl/ENTOP J.7.' MULLER A T TORNEK April 16, 1946. J. T. MULLER 2,398,337

MATERIAL FORMING APPARATUS Filed May 11, 1944 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Patented Apr. 16, 1946 MATERIAL FORMING APPARATUS John T. MuHenLiVingston, N. L, assignor to Western Electric Company, Incorporated, New York, N. Y., a corporation of New York Application May 11,

1944; Serial No. 535,173

16 Claims." (Cl. 51-3) This invention relates to material forming apparatus and more particularly to apparatus for simultaneously edge trimming one laminar article while facing off a broad surface of another similar article, the apparatus being also particularly adapted to perform these two operations consecutively on any one article.

In recent developments of various electrical arts, numerous applications have been found for slabs, slices, chequers or wafers" ,of various crystalline materials, e. g; quartz, silicon, and

the like. Where "wafers (1. e. laminar circular disks) of such material are in question, these may be made by cutting from a body of the material "chequers (i. e. square laminar slices) and then edge trimming such square chequers into circular wafers. It is frequently further desirable that the two broad faces of such a wafer be accurately parallel.

An object of the present invention is' to provide simple, rugged and reliable apparatus for converting square chequers of hard material which may have inaccurately parallel broad faces into circular wafers with accurately parallel broad faces.

With the above and other objects in view, the invention may be embodied in an apparatus for simultaneously edge trimming one laminar article and facing another and comprising a saw operative in a fixed plane, means to support a work.

holding member to present a laminar article held thereon to the saw to be edge trimmed thereby, and means to support the work holding member alternatively to present the laminar article thereon to the saw to be faced thereby.

Other objects and features of the invention will appear from the following detailed description of an embodiment thereof, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which the same reference numerrls are applied to identical parts in the several figures and in which:

Fig. 1 is a plan view partly in horizontal sec tion 'of an apparatus constructed in accordance with the invention;

Fig. 2 is a vertical section on the line 2 2 of Fig. l; i

Fig. 3 is a vertical section on the line 3-3 of -1; Fig. 4 is an enlarged detail of a portion of the showing of Fig. l;

Fig. 5 is a broken detached central perspective f a wafer to be edged and faced, mounted on a older base;

Fig. 6 is a detached central perspective of the complete holder base with a finished wafer there- Fig. 7 is a section on the line 1-1 of Fig. 2; Fig. 8 is a section on the line 3-8 of Fig. 2, and Fig. 9 is a section on the line 3-3 of Fla. 8. The apparatus herein disclosed as an illustrative embodiment of the invention is specifically constructed to edge and face off square chequers ill of micro-crystalline silicon mounted on a holder base I I, to convert the chequers lntoaccu- 5 rately parallel faced circular wafers i2. The tool which simultaneously edges a chequer and faces a wafer is a diamond studded circular saw 14 mountedon and driven by a shaft l5 extending into a casing l6 entirel enclosing the saw except for a slot l1 where the shaft l5 enters the casing, and except for apertures I8 and I! to be hereinafter described, and except for apertures and 2lwhich receive and are closed by, respectively, a jet 22 and a drain 23 for cooling is fluid for the saw.

The saw shaft I5 is iournalled in a sleeve 24 whose forward end makes a tight sliding contact with the casing 16 around the slot l1. The sleeve 24 is carried by an arm 25 having a body 23 rigidly rotatably supported on a shaft 21 iournalled in bearings 28, 28 on pedestals 29, 29. A lever 30 is clamped rigidly on the shaft 21 and carries a counterpoise 3i, the gravity of whose mass tends to swing the arm 25 and therewith the shaft l5 and saw 14 counterclockwise (Fig. 2) about the axis of the shaft 21. A depending lever arm 32 is secured on the sleeve 24 and carries a rigidly mounted abutment pin 33 horizontally in the lower end thereof to be abutted and actuated by a cylindrical slide bar 34 mounted slidably in a bracket 35 of the machine frame, The slide 34 makes contact with and is actuated by a cam 35 rigid on a horizontal shaft 31 to move the lever 32 and therewith the shaft l5 and saw 14 clockwise about the axis of the shaft 21 against the urge of the counterpoise 3|.

The shaft 31 is driven by a worm gear 38, keyed thereon, from a worm 39 near the bottom of a vertical shaft 40 which in turn is driven by agear 4| below the worm 39 and meshing with a gear 42 driven by a shaft 43 having a pulley 44 driven by a belt 45 from a pulley 46 on a shaft 41 which also through a pulley 48, a belt 49 and a pulley 50, drives the shaft ii. The shaft 41 is 45 positioned to be coaxial with the shaft- 21 and is driven by any suitable power means, e. g. a motor 'On the shaft 31 to the rear of the cam 35 is secured a second cam 52 ,of the same contour as the cam '36, acting on a second slide bar 53 in the bracket 35 and parallel to the slide 34, and

a circumferential slot 68 entered by pins 6|, 8| mounted in the arm of a yoke 82 formed integral with the'end of one arm of a lever 83 pivoted at 64 on the frame of the machine. A second lever 85 is pivoted on the same stub 84 independently of .the lever 63. 'A pull-rod 88 is pivotally secured at 61 on the outer end of the lever 85, and is supported in the bracket 58 and in an aperture 88 of the machine frame, these supports being made trifiingly loose to allow the rod to follow the small lateral component of the short arcuate motion of the pivot 81. At its outer end the rod 88 is furnished with a knob 88. A tension spring 18 is connected between the outer end of the lever 83 and the pivot 81.

Opening from the top of the bore 1| in the bracket 35 in which the slide rod 55 is housed, thereis a vertical longitudinal ,slot 12 through the bracket along the top of the rod. Vertical pins 13, 14 and 15 are mounted in the rod 55 to slide in and be guided by the walls of the slot 12. The slide 34 is formed on its under side with a cross slot 18 to allow the pin 13 to enter therein and pass through when the slot 18 registers with the slot 12. The slide 34 is therefore slidably keyed in the bracket 35* at 11. The slide 53 is formed on its under side with a relatively wide slot 18 for the pin 14, but having a stop tongue 19 formed to allow the pin 14 to enter but not pass through the slot in one position of the slide, and to enter and pass through the slot in another position of the slide. The slide 53 is also keyed slidably in the bracket 35 at 80 to prevent rotation of the slide in the bracket.

The apparatus thus far described constitutes the saw and its drive and control mechanism, whose operation will be described hereinafter. There remains to be described now the work holding and feeding arrangements with their drive and control mechanism.

As above noted, the work comes to the present apparatus as a square chequer I mounted on a work holder II, shown complete in Fig. 6. The chequer I8 is to be edge trimmed to produce a wafer I2 and is to have its exposed flat surface faced off as a plane perpendicular to the axis of the holder II. To this end, the holder II has an axial bore 8| threaded to receive a threaded axial tang 82 formed on one end of a relatively long, cylindrical carrier rod 83 formed at its other end with an enlarged cylindrical handle 84. The bar 83 is axially insertible into and removable from accurately fitting supporting bearings 85 and 88 mounted in a hollow shaft 81 and the bar is removably locked in place in the shaft by a cross pin 88 in the bar entering a bayonet joint slot 89 in a hollow head 98 mounted on the shaft and yieldably retained therein by a pin 9I and spring 92. The head 98 is threaded on the outer end through the closely but not tightly fitting aperture I8 and brings the chequer I8 carried by the rod 83 into thepath of the saw I4 to be edge trimmed hereby to form a wafer I2.

Located in the same horizontal plane as the shaft 81, with similar associated parts and similarly arranged and supported in the housing 95,

is asecond shaft I81 identically like the shaft a1 and positioned at right angles to the shaft 81 and to the plane of the saw I4, and driven by a gear I98 from the same worm 91 that drives the gear 96 on the shaft 81. When the bar I83 with a wafer I2 is locked in place in the shaft 181, the bar enters the saw housing I6 through the aperture I9 and brings the wafer I2 into the path of the saw I4 to have the broad outer surface of the wafer faced 011" by the saw.

As illustrated in the drawings the several parts of the machine are shown in their respective positions at the end of an edging out on the chequer I8 and of a simultaneous facing cut on the wafer I2. The slides 34 and 53 are in their extreme right positions on the low dwells of the cams 38 and 82. The continued rotation of the shaft 31 then brings these slides rapidly up on the high dwells of the two cams forcing the slides rapidly to the left, an idle motion of the slide 53 with the rod 55 in the position shown, but causing the slide 34 to drive the arm 32 and therewith the sleeve 24 and the saw I4 to the left until the saw is clear of both pieces of work. The high dwell of the cam 34 holds the saw, still running, out of the way long enough to permit an attendant to remove the carrier bar I83 with its edged and faced wafer I2 entirely from the machine, to remove the bar 83 with its edged but unfaced wafer from the shaft 81 and insert and lock it into the shaft I81, and to insert and lock a third carrier bar with chequer I8 thereon to be edged and faced, into the shaft 81.

The slide 34 then moves slowly and regularly toward the right as thecam diminishes from its high dwell toward its low dwell, allowing the counterpoise 3| to drive the saw slowl and steadily through the operative portion of its cycle to edge the one work piece mounted on the shaft 83 while simultaneously facing the other piece mounted on the shaft I83.

If, for any reason, it be desired to hold the saw in its inoperative position without stopping the drive of the machine, the knob 89 is used to draw the pull-rod 88 forward until stopped by contact of th collar 98 with the bracket 58. This action swings the lever 85 (Fig. 7) .forward past the lever, 83 and the spring 10 then tends to turn the lever 83 counterclockwise (Fig. '7) and thus to force the rod '55 rearwardly. This rod, however, cannot move unless the slot 18 of the slide 34 and the right hand side of the slot 18 of the slide 53 be aligned with the slot 12 of the bracket 35. The parts are so proportioned and arranged that this takes place only when the two slides are driven to the extreme left by the high dwells of the cams 38 and 52, i. e. when the saw is in its leftmost and inoperative position. Then the pin 13 enters the slot 18 and the pin 14 enters the slot 18 until the collar 58 stopping against the bracket 58 halts the progress of the rod 55 toward the rear. The pin 14 is now in the upper end of the slot 18 above the tongue 19; and so long as it is there the slide 53 is driven idly to and fro by the cam 52. The pin 13 is in the upper end of the slot 18; and so long as it stands there it holds the slide 34 and thereby the saw in their respective left-most positions; and the cam 38 does not touch the slide 34 except inoperatively as the high dwell of the cam passes the end of the slide. The springIII now tends to turn the lever 83 counter-clockwise and the lever 85 clockwise, thus maintaining all the parts under work holding member fittable into either of the V t v operative, the knob 89 is used to push the rod 88 rearwardly until stopped, as shown, by the collar 99 against the bracket 56, thus'swinging to its leftmost position, i. e. until'the cam 3Iis' holding the saw in its leftmost position by contact of the high dwell of the cam 36 with the slide 34. At this moment the paths are clear for both pins 13 and I4 to snapforward with the rod 55 into the position shown; and the mav chine-then resumes its normal cycle of operation.

What is claimed is:

1. Apparatus for simultaneously edge trimming one laminar article and facing another and comprising a rotary cutting disk operative in a fixed two said supporting means to be held thereby in operative relation to the disk.

5. Apparatus for simultaneously edge trimming one laminar article andfacing another and comprising a rotary cuttlngdisk operative in; a fixed plane, means'to shift the disk in the said plane from an operative position thereof to an inoperative position and back, means to support awork holding member to present a laminar article held thereon to the disk when in the operative position thereof to be edge trimmed thereby, and means to support the work holding member alternatively to present the laminar article thereon to the disk when in the operative position thereof to be faced thereby.

6. Apparatus for simultaneously edge trimming, one laminar article and facing another and comprising a rotary cutting disk operative in a fixed plane, means to shift the disk in the said plane from an operative position thereof to an inoperaplane, means to support an elongated work holding member in a position parallel to the plane of the disk to present a laminar article held thereon to the disk to be edge trimmed thereby,

and means to support the work holding member alternatively in a position perpendicular to the plane of the disk to present the laminar'article thereon to the disk to be faced thereby.

2. Apparatus for simultaneously edge trimming one laminar article and facing another and comprising a rotary cutting disk operative in a fixed plane, means to support an elongated work holding member in a position parallel to the plane of the disk to present a laminar article held thereon to the disk to b edge trimmed thereby, and means to support the work holding member alternatively in a position perpendicular to the tive position and back, means to support a work holding member to present a laminar article held thereon to the disk when in the operative position thereof to be edge trimmed thereby, and means to support the work holding member alternatively to present the laminar article thereon to the disk I when in the operative position thereof to be faced plane of the disk to present the laminar article thereon to the disk to be faced thereby in combination with a work holding member fittable into either of the two said supporting means to be held thereby in operative relation to the disk.

3. Apparatus for simultaneously edge trimming one laminar article and facing another and comprising a rotary cutting disk operative in a fixed plane, means to "support an elongated work holding member in a position parallel to the plane of the disk to presenta laminar article held thereon to the disk to be edge trimmed thereby, means to rotate the member about the axis of the member while in the supporting means, means to support the work holding member a1- ternatively in a position perpendicular to the plane of the disk to present the laminar article thereon to the disk to be faced thereby, and means to rotate the member about the. axis of the member while in the second named supporting means.

4. Apparatus for simultaneously edge trimming one laminar article and facing another and comprising a rotary cutting disk operative in a fixed plane, means to support an elongated work holding member in a position parallel to the plane of the disk to present a laminar articlevheld thereon to the disk to be edge trimmed thereby, means to rotate the member about the axis of the member while. in the supporting means, means to support the work holding member alternatively' in a position perpendicular to the plane of the disk to present the laminar article thereon to the disk to be faced thereby, and means to rotate the member about the axis of the member while in the second named supporting means in combination with an elongated thereby in combination with a work holding member fittable into either of the two said supporting means to be held thereby in operative relation to the disk.

7. Apparatus for simultaneously edge trimming one laminar article and facing another and comprising a circular cutting disk operative in a fixed plane, means to drive the disk in rotation, means to shift the disk cyclically without affecting the rotation thereof in the said plane from an operative position thereof to an inoperative position and back, means to support a work holding member to present a laminar article held thereon to the disk when in the operative position thereof 8. Apparatus for simultaneously edge trimming one laminar article and facing another and comprising a circular cutting disk operative in a fixed plane, means to drive the disk in rotation, means to shift'the disk cyclically without affecting the rotation thereof in the said plane from an operative position thereof to an inoperative position and back, means to support a work holding member to present a laminar article held thereon to the disk when in the operative position thereof to be edge trimmed thereby, and means to support the work holding member alternatively to present the laminar article thereon to the disk when in the operative position thereof to be faced thereby in combination with a work holding member fittable into either. of the two said supporting means to be held thereby in operative relation to the disk.

9. Apparatus for simultaneously edge trimmingholding member in a position perpendicular to the plane of the disk to present the laminar article thereon to the disk to be faced thereby, means to rotate the member about the axis of the memher while in the supporting means, means to support the work holding member alternatively in a position parallel to the plane of the disk to present the laminar article thereon to the disk to be edge trimmed thereby, and means to rotate the member about the axis of the member while.

, to the plane of the disk to present the laminar article thereon tothe disk to be faced thereby,

means to rotate the member about the axis of the member while in the supporting means, means to support the work holding member alternatively fixed plane, means to drive the disk in rotation,

means to shift the disk cyclically without ail'ecting the rotation thereof in the said plane from an operative position thereof to an inoperative position and back, means to support an elongated work holding member in a position perpendicular to the plane of the disk to present the laminar article thereon to the disk to be faced thereby, means to rotate the member about the axis of the member while in the supporting means, means to support the work holding member alternatively in a position parallel to the plane of the disk to present the laminar article thereon to the disk to be edge trimmed thereby, means to rotate the 7 member about the axis of the member while in the second named supporting means, and means,

to retain the disk at will in the inoperative position thereof without stopping the rotation thereof.

14, Apparatus for simultaneously edge trimming one laminar article and facing another and comprising a circular cutting disk operative in I a fixed plane, means to drive the disk in rotation,

in a position parallel to the plane of the disk to present the laminar article thereon to the disk to be edge trimmed thereby, and means to rotate the member about the axis of the member while in the second named supporting means in combination with an elongated work holding member flttable into either of the two said supporting means to be held thereby inoperative relation to the disk.

11. Apparatus forsimultaneously edge trimming one laminar article and facing another and comprising a, circular cutting disk operative in a fixed plane, means to drive the disk inrotation,

means to shift the disk cyclically without affecting the rotation thereof in the said plane from an operative position thereof to an inoperative position and back, means to support a work holding member to present a laminar article held thereon to the disk when in the operative position thereof to be edge trimmed thereby, means to support the work holding member alternatively to present the laminar article thereon to the disk when in the operative position thereof to be faced thereby, and means to retain the disk .at will in the inoperative position thereof without stopping the rotation thereof.

12. Apparatus for simultaneously edge trimming one laminar article and facing another and comprising a' circular cutting disk operative in a fixed plane, means to drive the disk in rotation, means to shift the disk cyclicallywithout affecting the rotation thereof in the said plane from an operative position thereof to an inoperative position and back, means to support a work holding member topresent a laminar article held thereon to the disk when in the operative position thereof to be edge trimmed thereby, means to support the work holding member alternatively to present the laminar article thereon to the disk when in the operative position thereof to be faced thereby, and means to retain the disk at will .in the inoperative position thereof without means to shift the disk cyclically without affecting the rotation thereof in the said plane from an operative position thereof to an inoperative position and back, means to support an elongated work holding member in a position perpendicular to the plane of the disk to present the laminar article thereon to the disk to be faced thereby, means to rotate the member about the axis of the member while in the supporting. means. means to support the work holding member alternatively in a position parallel to'the plane of the disk to present the laminar article thereon to the disk to be edge trimmed thereby, means to rotate the member about the axis of the member while in the second named supporting means, and means to retain the disk at will in the inoperative position thereof without stopping the rotation thereof in combination with an elongated work holding member flttable into either ofthe two said supporting means to be held thereby in operative relation to the disk.

. 15. Apparatus for simultaneously shaping two articles and comprising a thin rotary cutting disk operative in a fixed plane. means to support one work holding member to apply an article held thereby to one face of the disk, and means to simultaneously support another work holding member to apply a second article held thereby to the other face of the disk at a position substantially opposite to the position 01' application of stopping the rotation thereof in combination with a work holding member flttable into either of the two said supporting means to be held thereby in operative relation to the disk.

13. Apparatus for simultaneously edge trimming one laminar article and facing another and comprising a circular cutting disk operative in a the first named article so that each article sup ports the disk against deflection by the other article.

16. Apparatus for simultaneously shaping two articles and comprising a thin rotary cutting disk operative in a fixed plane, means to support one work holding member to apply an article held thereby to one face of the disk, and means to. simultaneously support another work holding member to apply a second article held thereby, to

the outer face of the disk at a position approximately opposite to the position of application of the first named article so that each article sup-, ports the disk against deflection by the other arti cle in combination with a pair of work holding members-each flttable into either of the two said supporting means to be held thereby in operative relation to the disk. 7

JOHN T. MULIER. 

